Bioinspired underwater soft robots: from biology to robotics and back

作者：Lei Li, Boyang Qin, Wenzhuo Gao, Yanyu Li, Yiyuan Zhang, Bo Wang, Shihan Kong, Jian Wang, De-Zhi He, Junzhi Yu · 发表于：npj Robotics · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1038/s44182-026-00088-x

Soft-bodied marine organisms inspire underwater soft robots. We distill four biological principles that guide robotic design, including locomotion, compliant morphologies and materials, distributed sensing, and adaptive control. We frame a bidirectional loop from biology to robotics and back in which robots act as physical models to probe biological mechanisms that are difficult to isolate in living animals. We further propose a biouniversal design strategy that moves beyond any single organism.