Biomimetic Barium Titanate/PLA Scaffold with Shape Memory and Bioelectro-Active Capacities Promotes Bone Regeneration

作者：Shuai Lv, Yuechi Zhang, Xiongjie Liang, Wenbo Xu, Zhibin Geng, Weifeng Hu, Xiaoyan Wang, Helin Li, Wenhui Guo, Yongbin Jing, Xiaoqi Liu, Huichao Fu, Gongping Xu, Chunyang Xi, Jinglong Yan, Hui Chi · 发表于：International Journal of Nanomedicine · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.2147/ijn.s524080 · 被引用次数：4 · 研究领域：Bone Tissue Engineering Materials、Polymer composites and self-healing、biodegradable polymer synthesis and properties

Background: Bone, a natural piezoelectric material, converts mechanical stress to electrical signals; local bioelectric changes in defects affect repair. Current biomimetic bone materials focus on composition, bioactivity and structure, neglecting bioelectric effects. Piezoelectric materials reconstruct electrical microenvironments, simulating natural regulation and addressing traditional materials' structural reliance, offering effective repair strategies. Methods: In this study, barium titanate piezoelectric nanoceramic particles were embedded into thermoresponsive shape-memory polylactic acid via 4D printing to fabricate BT/PLA composite scaffolds. The scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, surface roughness analysis, water contact angle measurement, as well as mechanical and piezoelectric property tests. Cellular experiments were performed to verify the effects of these scaffolds on the proliferation, adhesion, and osteogenic capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under low-intensity pulsed ultrasound stimulation. Additionally, a rat calvarial defect model was established to evaluate the in vivo bone repair efficacy of the scaffolds. Results: A shape-memory piezoelectric BT/PLA scaffold was 4D-printed. The 20 wt% BT scaffold showed excellent mechanics (~25 MPa compressive strength) and shape memory (full recovery in 5s), meeting clinical needs. All scaffolds were non-cytotoxic; BT/PLA with LIPUS generated ~1 μA current,...