Beta‐Lactam Antibiotics Promote Extracellular Vesicle Production of Staphylococcus aureus Through ROS‐Mediated Lipid Metabolic Reprogramming

作者：Xiaonan Huang, Zhen Hu, Weilong Shang, Juan Chen, Qiwen Hu, Yumin Zhou, Ruolan Ding, Jing Yin, Mengyang Li, He Liu, Jianxiong Dou, Huagang Peng, Yifan Rao, Lu Liu, Yuting Wang, Li Tan, Yuhua Yang, Yuhua Yang, Jianghong Wu, Chuan Xiao, Yi Yang, Yi Yang, Xiancai Rao · 发表于：Journal of Extracellular Vesicles · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1002/jev2.70077 · 被引用次数：8 · 研究领域：Bacterial Infections and Vaccines、Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing、Legionella and Acanthamoeba research

ABSTRACT Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are natural reservoirs of biological active substances. They exhibit promising application in developing bioproducts such as vaccine, drug‐delivery system and anticancer agent. However, the low yield of naturally secreted EVs during bacterial growth is a bottleneck factor that restricts EV applications. In this study, we showed that sub‐minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β‐lactams boosted EV production in various Staphylococcus aureus strains. The expression of penicillin‐binding protein (PBP) genes increased after β‐lactam treatment, and the inactivation of alternative PBPs promoted EV secretion of S. aureus . We also demonstrated that sub‐MIC β‐lactams promoted EV production via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐dependent pathway. Deletion of redundant pbp genes enhanced oxacillin (OXA)‐stimulated ROS levels. Transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses revealed that OXA‐induced ROS triggered lipid metabolic reprogramming in S. aureus . Particularly, ROS promoted lipid peroxidation (LPO) and increased the biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid (PA) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) that contributed to EV generation. Furthermore, OXA treatment altered the diversity of EV‐loaded proteins. OXA‐treated ∆ agr /OXA EVs induced stronger Dengue EDIII‐specific antibodies in BALB/c mice than did ∆ agr EVs. Overall, this study provided mechanic insights into β‐lactam‐promoted EV production in S. aureus , and highlighted the potential strategies to pr...