Influence of Peanut Consumption on the Gut Microbiome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

作者：Sang M. Nguyen, Thi Du Chi Tran, T. Tran, Cong Wang, Jie Wu, Qiuyin Cai, Fei Ye, Xiao‐Ou Shu · 发表于：Nutrients · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.3390/nu16193313 · 被引用次数：3 · 研究领域：Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations、Nutritional Studies and Diet、Food composition and properties

Background: Peanut consumption could impact cardiometabolic health through gut microbiota, a hypothesis that remains to be investigated. A randomized clinical trial in Vietnam evaluated whether peanut consumption alters gut microbiome communities. Methods: One hundred individuals were included and randomly assigned to the peanut intervention and control groups. A total of 51 participants were provided with and asked to consume 50 g of peanuts daily, while 49 controls maintained their usual dietary intake for 16 weeks. Stool samples were collected before and on the last day of the trial. After excluding 22 non-compliant participants and those who received antibiotic treatment, 35 participants from the intervention and 43 from the control were included in the analysis. Gut microbiota composition was measured by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Associations of changes in gut microbial diversity with peanut intervention were evaluated via linear regression analysis. Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze associations of composition, sub-community structure, and microbial metabolic pathways with peanut intervention. We also performed beta regression analysis to examine the impact of peanut intervention on the overall and individual stability of microbial taxa and metabolic pathways. All associations with false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected p-values of <0.1 were considered statistically significant. Results: No significant changes were found in α- and β-diversities and...