Design, Bioactivity, and Action Mechanism of Pyridinecarbaldehyde Phenylhydrazone Derivatives with Broad-Spectrum Antifungal Activity

作者：Bohang Zhou, Juan Fu, Yuhao Zhang, Ruofei Bai, Yiwei Wang, Yiwei Yang, Yingmei Li, Le Zhou · 发表于：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04078 · 被引用次数：15 · 研究领域：Synthesis and biological activity、Synthesis and Biological Evaluation、Fungal Plant Pathogen Control

Replacing old pesticides with new pesticide varieties has been the main means to solve pesticide resistance. Therefore, it is necessary to research and develop new antifungal agents for plant protection. In this study, a series of pyridinecarbaldehyde phenylhydrazone derivatives were designed and evaluated for their inhibition activity on plant pathogenic fungi to search for novel fungicide candidates. Picolinaldehyde phenylhydrazone ( 1 ) and nicotinaldehyde phenylhydrazone ( 2 ) were identified as promising antifungal lead scaffolds. The 4-fluorophenylhydrazone derivatives ( 1a and 2a ) of 1 and 2 showed highly effective and broad-spectrum inhibition activity in vitro on 11 phytopathogenic fungi with EC 50 values of 0.870–3.26 μg/mL, superior to the positive control carbendazim in most cases. The presence of the 4-fluorine atom on the phenyl showed a remarkable activity enhancement effect. Compound 1a at 300 μg/mL provided almost complete protection against infection of Alternaria solani on tomatoes over the post-treatment 9 days and high safety to germination of plant seeds. Furthermore, 1a showed strong inhibition activity with an IC 50 value of 0.506 μg/mL on succinate dehydrogenase in A. solani . Molecular docking showed that both 1a and 2a can well bind to the ubiquinone-binding region of SDH by the conventional hydrogen bond, carbon–hydrogen bond, π–π or π–amide interaction, π–alkyl interaction, X---F (X = N, C, or H) interaction, and van der Waal forces. Meanwhile, s...