α-synuclein preformed fibrils bind to β-neurexins and impair β-neurexin-mediated presynaptic organization

作者：Benjamin Feller, Aurélie Fallon, Wen Luo, Phuong Nguyen, Irina Shlaifer, Alfred Kihoon Lee, Samer Karkout, Steve Bourgault, Thomas M. Durcan, Hideto Takahashi · 发表于：bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 年份：2023 · DOI：10.1101/2023.01.28.526024 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments、Alzheimer's disease research and treatments、Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research

Abstract Synucleinopathies form a group of neurodegenerative diseases defined by misfolding and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn). Abnormal accumulation and spreading of α-syn aggregates lead to synapse dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Yet, little is known about synaptic mechanisms underlying α-syn pathology. Here we identified β-isoforms of neurexins (β-NRXs) as presynaptic organizing proteins that interact with α-syn preformed fibrils (α-syn PFFs), toxic α-syn aggregates, but not α-syn monomers. Our cell surface protein binding assays and surface plasmon resonance assays reveal that α-syn PFFs bind directly to β-NRX through their N-terminal histidine-rich domain (HRD) at nanomolar range (Kd: ~500 nM monomer equivalent). Furthermore, our artificial synapse formation assays show that α-syn PFFs diminish excitatory and inhibitory presynaptic organization induced by a specific isoform of neuroligin 1 that binds only β-NRXs, but not α-isoforms of neurexins. Thus, our data suggest that α-syn PFFs interact with β-NRXs to inhibit β-NRX-mediated presynaptic organization, providing novel molecular insight into how α-syn PFFs induce synaptic pathology in synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.