100% Fruit juice intake and cardiovascular risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective and randomised controlled studies

作者：Lanfranco D’Elia, Monica Gabriela Dinu, Francesco Sofi, Massimo Volpe, Pasquale Strazzullo, The SINU Working Group, Endorsed by SIPREC, Alessandra Bordoni, Pasquale Strazzullo, Giulia Cairella, Maria Cristina Casiraghi, Lanfranco D’Elia, Valeria del Balzo, Monica Dinu, Daniela Erba, Francesca Garbagnati, Andrea Ghiselli, Nicoletta Pellegrini, Alessandro Pinto, Laura Rossi, Gian Luigi Russo, Francesca Scazzina, Umberto Scognamiglio, Francesco Sofi, Salvatore Vaccaro, Elvira Verduci · 发表于：European Journal of Nutrition · 年份：2020 · DOI：10.1007/s00394-020-02426-7 · 被引用次数：93 · 研究领域：Diet, Metabolism, and Disease、Food composition and properties、Nutritional Studies and Diet

PURPOSE: The relationship between 100% fruit juice (100%FJ) consumption and cardiovascular risk is object of debate: indeed, recently published investigations provided new but discrepant evidence on this important question and International dietary guidelines are not in agreement on recommendations about fruit juice consumption. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of the prospective studies and the randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that explored the relationship between 100%FJ intake, cardiovascular risk profile and risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of publications up to August 2019. Summary relative risks and exploration of linearity of the association were estimated for prospective studies and summary mean differences (MDs) calculated for RCTs. RESULTS: A total of 21 prospective studies and 35 RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Dose-response analysis detected a significant inverse association between low-moderate 100%FJ consumption and risk of stroke (up to 200 ml/day) or total CV events (up to 170 ml/day) compared with no consumption, with a non-linear relationship (p for non-linearity < 0.05). No significant association was found for coronary heart disease and diabetes risk. In RCTs, a favorable and significant effect of 100%FJ intake was detected on blood pressure (systolic, MD: - 3.14 mmHg; diastolic, MD: - 1.68 mmHg), arterial compliance (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, - 0.38 m/s) and endothelial function (flow-mediated ...