Impact of Cereal Seed Sprouting on Its Nutritional and Technological Properties: A Critical Review

作者：Elien Lemmens, Alice Moroni, Jennifer Pagand, Pieter Heirbaut, Anneli Ritala, Yann Karlen, Kim‐Anne Lê, Hetty C. van den Broeck, Fred Brouns, Niels De Brier, Jan A. Delcour · 发表于：Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · 年份：2018 · DOI：10.1111/1541-4337.12414 · 被引用次数：258 · 研究领域：Food composition and properties、Phytase and its Applications、Phytoestrogen effects and research

Sprouting induces activation and de novo synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes that make nutrients available for plant growth and development. Consumption of sprouted grains is suggested to be beneficial for human health. Positive consumer perceptions about sprouted cereals have resulted in new food and beverage product launches. However, because there is no generally accepted definition of "sprouting," it is unclear when grains are to be called sprouted. Moreover, guidelines about how much sprouted grain material food products should contain to exert health benefits are currently lacking. Accordingly, there is no regulatory base to develop appropriate food labeling for "sprouted foods." This review describes the nutritional and technological properties of sprouted grains in relation to processing conditions and provides guidelines to optimize sprouting practices in order to maximize nutritive value. Relatively long sprouting times (3 to 5 days) and/or high processing temperatures (25 to 35 °C) are needed to maximize the de novo synthesis and/or release of plant bioactive compounds. Nutrient compositional changes resulting from sprouting are often associated with health benefits. However, supportive data from clinical studies are very scarce, and at present it is impossible to draw any conclusion on health benefits of sprouted cereals. Finally, grains sprouted under the above-mentioned conditions are generally unfit for use in traditional food processing and it is challenging to us...