High-efficiency solution-processed perovskite solar cells with millimeter-scale grains

作者：Wanyi Nie, Hsinhan Tsai, Reza Asadpour, Jean‐Christophe Blancon, Amanda J. Neukirch, Gautam Gupta, Jared Crochet, Manish Chhowalla, Sergei Tretiak, Muhammad A. Alam, Hsing-Lin Wang, Aditya D. Mohite · 发表于：Science · 年份：2015 · DOI：10.1126/science.aaa0472 · 被引用次数：3279 · 研究领域：Perovskite Materials and Applications、Chalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films、Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties

State-of-the-art photovoltaics use high-purity, large-area, wafer-scale single-crystalline semiconductors grown by sophisticated, high-temperature crystal growth processes. We demonstrate a solution-based hot-casting technique to grow continuous, pinhole-free thin films of organometallic perovskites with millimeter-scale crystalline grains. We fabricated planar solar cells with efficiencies approaching 18%, with little cell-to-cell variability. The devices show hysteresis-free photovoltaic response, which had been a fundamental bottleneck for the stable operation of perovskite devices. Characterization and modeling attribute the improved performance to reduced bulk defects and improved charge carrier mobility in large-grain devices. We anticipate that this technique will lead the field toward synthesis of wafer-scale crystalline perovskites, necessary for the fabrication of high-efficiency solar cells, and will be applicable to several other material systems plagued by polydispersity, defects, and grain boundary recombination in solution-processed thin films.