Interfacial Engineering in Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries: Degradation Mechanisms and Dynamic Regulation Strategies

作者：Zhemeng Bao · 发表于：Theoretical and Natural Science · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.54254/2753-8818/2025.gl22576

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs), recognized as next-generation energy storage systems for their high energy density and intrinsic safety, face commercialization challenges stemming from interfacial instability, lithium dendrite proliferation, and rapid capacity degradation in anode-free configurations. This review analyzes the underlying mechanisms of performance deterioration in SLMBs: (1) the highly reactive lithium metal engages in chemical or electrochemical side reactions with the solid-state electrolyte (SE), leading to a continuous increase in interfacial impedance; (2) Volume fluctuations during lithium deposition/stripping trigger mechanical contact failure; (3) Irreversible lithium consumption in anode-free systems creates a self-amplifying degradation cycle. In order to solve these issues, we focuses on three major modification strategies: (1) Three-dimensional porous current collectors for homogeneous lithium-ion flux regulation and dendrite suppression; (2) Constructing a gradient artificial interfacial layer to inhibit electron leakage and promote ion transport; (3) Developing dynamic self-adaptive interfacial systems that utilize in situ alloying reactions to achieve interface self-healing. In addition, the core contradictions in anode-free systems are furtherly analyzed. Furthermore, we emphasize the critical role of synergistic optimization between current collectors and interfacial layers in enhancing lithium deposition reversibility. By elucidat...