Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality burden of non-COVID-19 lower respiratory infections and aetiologies, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

作者：Rose G. Bender, Sarah Brooke Sirota, Lucien R. Swetschinski, R. Dominguez, Amanda Novotney, Eve E. Wool, K. Ikuta, Avina Vongpradith, E. L. Rogowski, M. Doxey, Christopher E. Troeger, Samuel B. Albertson, Jianing Ma, Jia-Wei He, Kelsey Lynn Maass, Eric A.F.Simões, M. Abdoun, J. A. Abdul Aziz, Deldar Morad Abdulah, Samir Abu Rumeileh, Hasan Abualruz, Salahdein Aburuz, Abiola Adepoju, Rishan Adha, W. Adikusuma, Saryia Adra, Ali Afraz, Shahin Aghamiri, A. Agodi, A. M. Ahmadzade, H. Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, K. Akinosoglou, T. AL-Ahdal, Rasmieh M. Al-amer, Mohammed Albashtawy, M. Albataineh, Hediyeh Alemi, A. Al-Gheethi, Abid Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait Ali, J. Alqahtani, Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah, J. Al-Tawfiq, Y. Al-Worafi, K. Alzoubi, Reza Amani, Prince M. Amegbor, E. Ameyaw, J. Amuasi, Abhishek Anil, P. Anyanwu, M. Arafat, Damelash Areda, Reza Arefnezhad, Kendalem Asmare Atalell, Firayad Ayele, A. Azzam, H. Babamohamadi, François-Xavier Babin, Y. Bahurupi, Stephen Baker, B. Banik, M. Barchitta, H. Barqawi, Z. Basharat, Pritish Baskaran, Kavita Batra, Ravi Batra, N. Bayileyegn, A. Beloukas, J. Berkley, K. Beyene, A. Bhargava, P. Bhattacharjee, J. Bielicki, M. Bilalaga, V. Bitra, C. Brown, Katrin Burkart, Yasser K. Bustanji, Sinclair Carr, Yaacoub Chahine, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Fatemeh Chichagi, Hitesh Chopra, I. Chukwu, Eunice Chung, Sriharsha Dadana, X. Dai, L. Dandona, R. Dandona, I. Darban, N. Dash, M. Dashti, Mohadese Dashtkoohi, D. Dekker, Iván Delgado-Enciso, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu, K. Dhama, N. Diao, Thao Phuong Do, K. Dokova, C. Dolecek, Arkadiusz Marian Dziedzic, T. Eckmanns, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, Ferry Efendi, Aziz Eftekharimehrabad, David W. Eyre, Ayesha Fahim, Alireza Feizkhah, T. Felton, N. Ferreira, L. Flor, Santosh Gaihre, M. W. Gebregergis, Mesfin Gebrehiwot, C. Geffers, Urge Gerema, Kazem Ghaffari, Mohamad Goldust, Pouya Goleij, Shi-Yang Guan, Mesay Dechasa Gudeta, Cui Guo, Veera Gupta, I. Gupta, Farrokh Habibzadeh, N. Hadi, Emily Haeuser, Wase Benti Hailu, Ramtin Hajibeygi, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Sebastian Haller, Mohammad Hamiduzzaman, N. Hanifi, J. Hansel, M. Hasnain, Johannes Haubold, Nguyen Quoc Hoan, H. Huynh, K. Iregbu, M. Islam, A. Jafarzadeh, A. Jairoun, Mahsa Jalili, Dr. Nabi Jomehzadeh, Charity Ehimwenma Joshua, M. Kabir, Zul Kamal, K. Kanmodi, Rami S. Kantar, Arman Karimi Behnagh, Navjot Kaur, Harkiran Kaur, F. Khamesipour, M. N. Khan, M. K. Khan suheb, Vishnu Khanal, Khaled Khatab, M. Khatib, Grace Kim, Kwanghyun Kim, A. Kitila, Somayeh Komaki, K. Krishan, R. Krumkamp, M. Kuddus, M. D. Kurniasari, C. Lahariya, Kaveh Latifinaibin, N. Le, T. Le, T. Le, S. Lee, A. Lepape, T. L. Lerango, Ming-Chieh Li, A. Mahboobipour, Kashish Malhotra, T. Mallhi, A. Manoharan, B. Martínez-Guerra, A. Mathioudakis, Rita Mattiello, Jürgen May, Barney McManigal, S. M. McPhail, Tesfahun Mekene Meto, Max Alberto Mendez Mendez-Lopez, S. Meo, Mohsen Merati, T. Meštrović, L. Mhlanga, L. Minh, A. Misganaw, Vinaytosh Mishra, A. Misra, N. Mohamed, Esmaeil Mohammadi, Mesud Mohammed, M. Mohammed, A. Mokdad, L. Monasta, C. Moore, R. Motappa, Vincent Mougin, Parsa Mousavi, F. Mulita, Atsedemariam Andualem Mulu, Pirouz Naghavi, Ganesh R. Naik, F. Nainu, T. Nair, Shumaila Nargus, M. Negaresh, H. Nguyen, D. Nguyen, V. Nguyễn, T. Nikolouzakis, E. Noman, C. Nri-Ezedi, I. A. Odetokun, P. G. Okwute, Matifan Dereje Olana, T. O. Olanipekun, Omotola O. Olasupo, A. Olivas-Martínez, M. Ordak, Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, A. Ouyahia, J. Padubidri, A. Pak, Anamika Pandey, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, P. Parija, Romil R. Parikh, Seoyeon Park, Ashwaghosha Parthasarathi, Ava Pashaei, P. Peprah, Hoang T. Pham, Dimitri Poddighe, A. Pollard, A. Ponce-de-León, P. Prakash, E. J. S. Prates, N. K. Quan, Pourya Raee, Fakher Rahim, Mosiur Rahman, M. Rahmati, S. Ramasamy, Shubham Ranjan, I. Rao, Ahmed Rashid, S. Rattanavong, N. Ravikumar, M. M. Reddy, E. Redwan, R. Reiner, Luis Felipe Reyes, Tamalee Roberts, Mônica Rodrigues, V. D. Rosenthal, Priyanka Roy, Tilleye Runghien, U. Saeed, A. Saghazadeh, Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari, Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari, S. S. Sahoo, Monalisha Sahu, J. Sakshaug, A. Salami, Mohamed Saleh, Hossein Salehi omran, M. Sallam, S. Samadzadeh, Y. Samodra, R. Sanjeev, Made Ary Sarasmita, Aswini Saravanan, B. Sartorius, Jennifer Saulam, Austin E. Schumacher, Seyed Arsalan Seyedi, M. Shafie, Samiah Shahid, Sunder Sham, M. A. Shamim, M. A. Shamshirgaran, R. P. Shastry, S. Sherchan, D. Shiferaw, A. Shittu, E. Siddig, R. Sinto, Aayushi Sood, R. Sorensen, A. Stergachis, Temenuga Stoeva, C. Swain, L. Szarpak, J. Tamuzi, M. Temsah, Melkamu B Tessema, P. Thangaraju, Nghia Minh Tran, Ngoc-Ha Tran, M. Tumurkhuu, S. Ty, A. Udoakang, Inam Ul-Haq, Tungki Pratama Umar, A. Umer, Seyed Mohammad Vahabi, A. G. Vaithinathan, Jef Van den Eynde, J. Walson, M. Waqas, Yuhan Xing, Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Galal Yahya, D. Yon, Abed Zahedi Bialvaei, F. Zakham, Abyalew Mamuye Zeleke, Chunxia Zhai, Zhaofeng Zhang, Haijun Zhang, M. Zielińska, P. Zheng, A. Aravkin, T. Vos, S. Hay, J. Mosser, Stephen S. Lim, M. Naghavi, C. Murray, H. Kyu · 发表于：Lancet. Infectious Diseases (Print) · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/s1473-3099(24)00176-2 · 被引用次数：360 · 研究领域：Medicine

Summary Background Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) are a major global contributor to morbidity and mortality. In 2020–21, non-pharmaceutical interventions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic reduced not only the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, but also the transmission of other LRI pathogens. Tracking LRI incidence and mortality, as well as the pathogens responsible, can guide health-system responses and funding priorities to reduce future burden. We present estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 of the burden of non-COVID-19 LRIs and corresponding aetiologies from 1990 to 2021, inclusive of pandemic effects on the incidence and mortality of select respiratory viruses, globally, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. Methods We estimated mortality, incidence, and aetiology attribution for LRI, defined by the GBD as pneumonia or bronchiolitis, not inclusive of COVID-19. We analysed 26 259 site-years of mortality data using the Cause of Death Ensemble model to estimate LRI mortality rates. We analysed all available age-specific and sex-specific data sources, including published literature identified by a systematic review, as well as household surveys, hospital admissions, health insurance claims, and LRI mortality estimates, to generate internally consistent estimates of incidence and prevalence using DisMod-MR 2.1. For aetiology estimation, we analysed multiple causes of death, vital registration, hospital disch...