Effect of Hydrothermal Coatings of Magnesium AZ31 Alloy on Osteogenic Differentiation of hMSCs: From Gene to Protein Analysis

作者：V. Costa, L. Raimondi, S. D. Scilabra, Margot Lo Pinto, D. Bellavia, A. De Luca, P. Guglielmi, A. Cusanno, Luca Cattini, Lia Pulsatelli, Matteo Pavarini, Roberto Chiesa, G. Giavaresi · 发表于：Materials · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/ma18061254 · 被引用次数：6 · 研究领域：Medicine

An Mg-based alloy device manufactured via a superplastic forming process (Mg-AZ31+SPF) and coated using a hydrothermal method (Mg AZ31+SPF+HT) was investigated as a method to increase mechanical and osteointegration capability. The cell viability and osteointegrative properties of alloy-derived Mg AZ31+SPF and Mg AZ31+SPF+HT extracts were investigated regarding their effect on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) (maintained in basal (BM) and osteogenic medium (OM)) after 7 and 14 days of treatment. The viability was analyzed through metabolic activity and double-strand DNA quantification, while the osteoinductive effects were evaluated through qRT-PCR, osteoimage, and BioPlex investigations. Finally, a preliminary liquid mass spectrometry analysis was conducted on the secretome of hMSCs. Biocompatibility analysis revealed no toxic effect on cells’ viability or proliferation during the experimental period. A modulation effect was observed on the osteoblast pre-commitment genes of hMSCs treated with Mg-AZ31+SPF+HT in OM, which was supported by mineralization nodule analysis. A preliminary mass spectrometry investigation highlighted the modulation of protein clusters involved in extracellular exosomes, Hippo, and the lipid metabolism process. In conclusion, our results revealed that the Mg AZ31+SPF+HT extracts can modulate the canonical and non-canonical osteogenic process in vitro, suggesting their possible application in bone tissue engineering.