Outcomes of Haploidentical Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Acute Leukaemia Patients: A Report of Two Paediatric Cases

作者：Lakshmi N Nair, A. Ashwin, R. Krishnamoorthy, Niranj Rathan, Sampat Kumar · 发表于：Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.7860/jcdr/2026/85115.23273

Leukaemias are the most common malignancies in children. Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) is the most effective treatment option for haematological malignancies in children. Haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) has become a broadly accepted alternative for patients without 100% Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA)-matched donors. Here, we share a report of two cases of acute leukaemia among the paediatric age group. Both patients with high-risk Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) lacking fully HLA-matched donors underwent haploidentical peripheral blood SCT from paternal donors following myeloablative conditioning. Both patients received adequate CD34+ cell doses with post-transplant cyclophosphamide-based Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and achieved successful engraftment, with neutrophil recovery and platelet recovery and demonstrated complete donor chimerism. No acute GVHD or significant transplant-related complications were observed during the early posttransplant period. Here, we highlight the effectiveness and outcome of haplo-HSCT in paediatric leukaemia.