Quantum entanglement and Bell inequality violation at colliders

作者：A. Barr, M. Fabbrichesi, R. Floreanini, Emidio Gabrielli, L. Marzola · 发表于：Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.ppnp.2024.104134 · 被引用次数：111 · 研究领域：Physics

The study of entanglement in particle physics has been gathering pace in the past few years. It is a new field that is providing important results about the possibility of detecting entanglement and testing Bell inequality at colliders for final states as diverse as top-quark, $\tau$-lepton pairs and $\Lambda$-baryons, massive gauge bosons and vector mesons. In this review, after presenting definitions, tools and basic results that are necessary for understanding these developments, we summarize the main findings -- as published by the beginning of year 2024 -- including analyses of experimental data in $B$ meson decays and top-quark pair production. We include a detailed discussion of the results for both qubit and qutrits systems, that is, final states containing spin one-half and spin one particles. Entanglement has also been proposed as a new tool to constrain new particles and fields beyond the Standard Model and we introduce the reader to this promising feature as well.