Sperm metabolomic signatures of asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia in Chinese reproductive-age men

作者：Youzhu Li, Zhonghua Lu, Jinguo Li, Ling Cheng, Yuanyuan Ye, Song Xu, Jun-feng Tan, Lifeng Zheng, Huiyi Xie, Qisheng Zhong, Jiaqi Liu, Yunfan Yang, Rui Guo, Guoshi Liu · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-09787-1 · 被引用次数：7 · 研究领域：Medicine

Asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia are common causes of male infertility. Despite their prevalence, the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted targeted metabolomic profiling of sperm samples from 131 Chinese reproductive-age men (48 normozoospermic controls, 40 asthenozoospermic patients, and 43 teratozoospermic patients) to identify distinct metabolic signatures associated with these conditions. We identified 47 significantly altered metabolites in asthenozoospermia compared to normozoospermia (18 downregulated and 29 upregulated). In teratozoospermia, 25 metabolites showed significant changes compared to normozoospermia (10 downregulated, 15 upregulated). These differential metabolites, along with others identified through machine learning as relevant, are implicated in key pathways including energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Alterations, such as those in corticosterone and hypoxanthine, suggest potential impacts on redox balance and stress responses. Using machine learning approaches, we developed diagnostic models for asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia diagnosis, with the Glmnet model showing strong performance (AUC = 0.99 for asthenozoospermia, AUC = 0.9997 for teratozoospermia), although these results require external validation. Two metabolites emerged as candidate diagnostic biomarkers: corticosterone reveals common metabolic disturbances in both pathological conditions, and arachidat...