Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

作者：J. R. Ledesma, Jianing Ma, Avina Vongpradith, Emilie Maddison, Amanda Novotney, Molly H. Biehl, K. LeGrand, J. Ross, D. Jahagirdar, Dana Bryazka, R. Feldman, Hassan Abolhassani, Akine Eshete Abosetugn, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Oladimeji Adebayo, Q. Adnani, S. Afzal, B. Ahinkorah, Sajjad Ahmad, S. Ahmadi, Tarik Ahmed Rashid, Yusra Ahmed Salih, A. Aklilu, C. Akunna, H. Al Hamad, Fares Alahdab, Yared Alemayehu Ebsa, K. Alene, B. Ali, Liaqat Ali, V. Alipour, H. Alizade, R. Al-Raddadi, N. Alvis-Guzmán, S. Amini, A. M. L. Amit, Jason A Anderson, S. Androudi, C. Antonio, C. Antony, R. Anwer, J. Arabloo, Asrat Arja, M. Asemahagn, S. Atre, G. Azhar, D. B, Z. Babar, A. Baig, Maciej Banach, H. Barqawi, F. Barra, Amadou Barrow, S. Basu, U. Belgaumi, A. Bhagavathula, Nikha Bhardwaj, P. Bhardwaj, N. V. Bhattacharjee, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Ali Bijani, B. Bikbov, A. Boloor, N. Briko, Danilo Buonsenso, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Z. Butt, A. Carter, Félix Carvalho, J. Charan, Sirshendu Chatterjee, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chattu, D. Christopher, D. Chu, M. Claassens, O. Dadras, A. Dagnew, X. Dai, L. Dandona, R. Dandona, Parnaz Daneshpajouhnejad, A. Darwesh, Deepak Dhamnetiya, M. Dianatinasab, Daniel Diaz, L. Doan, S. Eftekharzadeh, Muhammed Elhadi, A. Emami, S. Enany, E. J. Faraon, F. Farzadfar, E. Fernandes, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, I. Filip, F. Fischer, M. Foroutan, Tahvi D. Frank, A. García-Basteiro, C. Garcia-Calavaro, T. Garg, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, K. Ghadiri, A. Ghashghaee, Mahaveer Golechha, A. Goodridge, Bhawna Gupta, Sapna Gupta, V. Gupta, V. Gupta, M. R. Haider, Samer Hamidi, A. Hanif, S. Haque, H. Harapan, A. Hargono, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Abdiwahab Hashi, Shoaib Hassan, H. Hassankhani, Khezar Hayat, Kamal Hezam, R. Holla, M. Hosseinzadeh, M. Hostiuc, M. Househ, R. Hussain, S. E. Ibitoye, I. Ilic, M. Ilic, S. Irvani, N. Ismail, Ramaiah Itumalla, J. Jaafari, K. Jacobsen, Vardhmaan Jain, F. Javanmardi, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, S. Jayaram, Ravi Prakash Jha, J. Jonas, N. Joseph, F. Joukar, Z. Kabir, A. Kamath, T. Kanchan, Himal Kandel, P. Katoto, G. Kayode, Parkes Kendrick, A. A. Kerbo, H. Khajuria, Rovshan Khalilov, Khaled Khatab, A. Khoja, J. Khubchandani, Min Seo Kim, Y. Kim, A. Kisa, S. Kısa, S. Kosen, P. Koul, S. K. Koulmane Laxminarayana, A. Koyanagi, K. Krishan, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Avinash Kumar, G. Kumar, Narinder Kumar, Nithin Kumar, A. Kwarteng, H. Lak, D. Lal, I. Landires, Savita Lasrado, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Wei C. Lee, Christine Lin, Xuefeng Liu, P. D. Lopukhov, R. Lozano, D. Machado, Shilpashree Madhava Kunjathur, D. Madi, P. Mahajan, A. Majeed, A. A. Malik, F. R. Martins-Melo, S. Mehta, Z. Memish, W. Mendoza, R. Menezes, Hayimro Edemealem Merie, A. Mersha, Mohamed Mesregah MD, T. Meštrović, Nour Mheidly, S. Misra, P. Mithra, M. Moghadaszadeh, M. Mohammadi, A. Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Shafiu Mohammed, M. Molokhia, M. A. Moni, A. Montasir, C. Moore, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, S. Nair, S. Nair, A. Naqvi, S. Narasimha Swamy, B. Nayak, Javad Nazari, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, T. Nguyen, M. Nixon, C. Nnaji, M. Ntsekhe, V. Núñez-Samudio, B. Oancea, O. Odukoya, A. Olagunju, E. Oren, M. P A, R. Parthasarathi, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, S. Pattanshetty, R. Paudel, Pintu Paul, Shrikant Pawar, V. Pepito, N. Perico, M. Pirestani, R. Polibin, M. Postma, A. Pourshams, Akila Prashant, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, A. Radfar, A. Rafiei, Fakher Rahim, V. Rahimi-Movaghar, Mahfuzar Rahman, Mosiur Rahman, A. Rahmani, P. Ranasinghe, Chythra R. Rao, D. Rawaf, S. Rawaf, M. Reitsma, G. Remuzzi, Andre M. N. Renzaho, M. Reta, N. Rezaei, O. Rezahosseini, M. S. Rezai, A. Rezapour, G. Roshandel, D. Roshchin, S. Sabour, K. Saif-Ur-Rahman, Nasir Salam, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Mehrnoosh Samaei, A. Samy, S. Saroshe, B. Sartorius, B. Sathian, S. Sawyer, S. Senthilkumaran, Allen Seylani, O. Shafaat, M. Shaikh, K. Sharafi, Ranjitha S. Shetty, M. Shigematsu, J. Shin, J. Silva, J. Singh, S. Sinha, V. Skryabin, A. Skryabina, E. Spurlock, C. Sreeramareddy, P. Steiropoulos, M. Sufiyan, T. Tabuchi, Eyayou Girma Tadesse, Zemenu Tamir, E. Tarkang, Yohannes Tekalegn, F. Tesfay, B. Tessema, Rekha Thapar, Imad I Tleyjeh, Ruoyan Tobe-Gai, B. Tran, Berhanu Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, A. Ullah, C. Umeokonkwo, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, B. Võ, G. Vu, Yasir Waheed, M. Walters, Joanna L. Whisnant, Mesfin Agachew Woldekidan, B. Wubishet, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Taklo Simeneh Yazie Yazie, Yigizie Yeshaw, Si-Yan Yi, Vahit Yi̇ği̇t, N. Yonemoto, Chuanhua Yu, Ismaeel Yunusa, M. Zastrozhin, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Alimuddin Zumla, A. Mokdad, J. Salomon, Robert C Reiner Jr., Stephen S. Lim, M. Naghavi, T. Vos, Simon Iain Hay, C. Murray, H. Kyu · 发表于：Lancet. Infectious Diseases (Print) · 年份：2021 · DOI：10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00449-7 · 被引用次数：90 · 研究领域：Medicine

Summary Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Methods We used a Bayesian hierarchical Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) platform to analyse 21 505 site-years of vital registration data, 705 site-years of verbal autopsy data, 825 site-years of sample-based vital registration data, and 680 site-years of mortality surveillance data to estimate mortality due to tuberculosis among HIV-negative individuals. We used a population attributable fraction approach to estimate mortality related to HIV and tuberculosis coinfection. A compartmental meta-regression tool (DisMod-MR 2.1) was then used to synthesise all available data sources, including prevalence surveys, annual case notifications, population-based tuberculin surveys, and tuberculosis cause-specific mortality, to produce estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality that were internally consistent. We further estimated the fraction of tuberculosis mortality that is attributable to independent effects of risk factors, including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes, fo...