Dietary Patterns and Childhood Obesity Risk: A Systematic Review

作者：Rafaela Liberali, E. Kupek, M. A. D. de Assis · 发表于：Childhood Obesity · 年份：2019 · DOI：10.1089/chi.2019.0059 · 被引用次数：247 · 研究领域：Medicine

Background: Childhood overweight and obesity are recognized as predictors of the risk of obesity in adulthood. The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between dietary pattern and obesity risk among children. Methods: Articles were selected from databases (Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Eric, Livivo, and PubMed/Medline), without limitations regarding language or date. Database-specific search terms included the key words “obesity,” “diet,” “dietary pattern,” “childhood,” “children,” “adolescents,” and relevant synonyms. The review included studies that reported the assessment of the dietary pattern in childhood and that correlated eating patterns with the obesity risk through cluster analysis (CA) and/or factor analysis and/or principal component analysis and presented odds ratios (ORs). The methodology of the selected studies was evaluated using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies. Owing to the heterogeneity among the assessments of the association of dietary patterns and obesity, the results are described narratively. Results: Using a selection process in two phases, 16 articles were included. Fifteen studies used a cross-sectional design, and one case–control study. The included studies showed variation in sample size (range = 232 to 10,187 children/adolescents) and age (range = 1–19 years old). The studies reported between two and five dietary patterns each. The OR for the relationship between the die...