Chapter 1: Introduction

作者：M. V. Kleeff, A. Boer · 发表于：Iterative Methods and Preconditioners for Systems of Linear Equations · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.9783/9780812207828.1 · 被引用次数：589

1.1. Backgrounds Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) affect a huge group of people in the general population. Conservative estimate of the number of people in the general population with some form of TMD is about 40% to 60%. However, Solberg et al. (1979) reported in their study that only 10% of the total study group had symptoms that were severe enough to cause the patients to seek treatment, and only 5% of the total study group would be typically described as TMD patients seen in dental clinics with severe problems. This means that less then 10% of the population felt that their problem was severe enough to seek treatment. For many years, functional disturbances of the masticatory system have been identified by a variety of terms. TMD is a general term used to include all disturbances associated with the function of the masticatory system (Bell, 1970). It is mainly divided into masticatory muscle disorders and temporomandibular joint disorders (Okeson, 1996). Masticatory muscle disorders is a collective term used to include all functional disturbances of masticatory muscle. Meanwhile, temporomandibular joint disorders is a collective term used to include all functional disturbances of the temporomandibular joint. For diagnosis of TMD, Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD) established by Dworkin and LeResche (1992) is the most popular criteria used in research condition. This diagnostic system allows the diagnosis of the most common forms of TM...