A National Status Report on United States Coral Reefs Based on 2012–2018 Data From National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Coral Reef Monitoring Program

作者：E. Towle, E. Donovan, H. Kelsey, M. Allen, H. Barkley, J. Blondeau, R. Brainard, Annie Carew, C. Couch, Maria K. Dillard, C. Eakin, K. Edwards, Peter E. T. Edwards, I. Enochs, C. Fleming, Alexa Fries, E. Geiger, L. Grove, S. Groves, M. Gorstein, Adel Heenan, Matthew W. Johnson, J. Kimball, Jennifer Koss, Tye L. Kindinger, Arielle Levine, D. Manzello, Nathan A. Miller, Thomas A. Oliver, J. Samson, D. Swanson, B. Vargas-Ángel, T. Viehman, I. Williams · 发表于：Frontiers in Marine Science · 年份：2022 · DOI：10.3389/fmars.2021.812216 · 被引用次数：15

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Coral Reef Conservation Program supports the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) in the United States Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean, and Gulf of Mexico. NCRMP conducts standardized observations of biological, climatic, and socioeconomic indicators across American Samoa, Guam, the Main Hawaiian Islands, the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, the Northern Mariana Islands, the Pacific Remote Islands, Florida, the Flower Garden Banks, Puerto Rico, and the United States Virgin Islands. NCRMP provides periodic, national-level assessments of the status of United States coral reef ecosystems and communities connected to them. In 2014, NCRMP partnered with the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science on an unprecedented collaboration between federal and jurisdictional/state agencies, academia, and non-governmental organizations to synthesize NCRMP data into a reporting format designed to be accessible and relevant to the public and policy makers. The process involved multi-year data analyses of key benthic, fish, and climate indicators. In populated jurisdictions, socioeconomic data were integrated to assess public support for management actions, participation in pro-environmental behaviors, and awareness of threats to coral reefs. Jurisdictions were scored using a report-card scale (0–100%) by establishing references for each indicator using best-available historical data or expert opinion where historical data di...