Review of Non-Destructive Testing for Wind Turbine Bolts

作者：Hongyu Sun, Jingqi Dong, Haopeng Liu, Wenze Shi, Qi-Bo Feng, K. Yao, Song-Ling Huang, Li-Sha Peng, Zhi-Chao Cai · 发表于：Italian National Conference on Sensors · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.3390/s25185726 · 被引用次数：9 · 研究领域：Medicine

As the world increasingly gravitates towards green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon lifestyles, wind power has become one of the most technologically established renewable energy sources. However, with the continuous increase in their output power and height, wind turbine towers are subjected to higher-intensity alternating wind loads. This makes critical components more prone to fatigue failure, potentially leading to major accidents such as tower buckling or turbine collapse. High-strength bolts play a vital role in supporting towers but are susceptible to fatigue crack initiation under long-term cyclic loading, necessitating regular inspection. Types of wind turbine bolts mainly include high-strength bolts, stainless steel bolts, anchor bolts, titanium alloy bolts, and adjustable bolts. These bolts are distributed across different parts of the turbine and perform distinct functions. Among them, high-strength bolts in the tower are particularly critical for structural support, demanding prioritized periodic inspection. Compared to destructive offline inspection methods requiring bolt disassembly, non-destructive testing (NDT) has emerged as a trend in defect detection technologies. Therefore, this review comprehensively examines various types of NDT techniques for wind turbine towers’ high-strength bolts, including disassembly inspection techniques (magnetic particle inspection, penetration inspection, intelligent torque inspection, etc.) and non-disassembly inspect...