Mapping the global health burden of climate-sensitive exposures: a systematic scoping review

作者：J. F. Corvetto, Robin J. Simion, Perla Boutros, Nour Kassem, K. Belesova, T. Bärnighausen, R. Sauerborn, S. Barteit · 发表于：Environmental Health · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1186/s12940-026-01294-8 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Medicine

Background Climate change is an increasing determinant of morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, the health burden attributable to climate-sensitive exposures remains poorly quantified and inconsistently reported across the existing literature. This lack of systematic evidence limits the ability of policymakers and health systems to allocate resources efficiently, design targeted interventions, and implement effective adaptation strategies. Methods We conducted a systematic scoping review following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines to map and synthesize available global evidence on the health impacts of climate-sensitive hazards, including heat, temperature variability, extreme weather events, and air pollution. Peer-reviewed studies published up to November 2024 were identified through searches in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Eligible studies were charted by exposure type, health outcome, study design, and geographic region. The review protocol was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023421873). Results Of the 15,538 records screened, 199 studies met the inclusion criteria. Evidence was most consistent for heat exposure, which showed strong associations with all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. Across 15 disease categories—including mental health, infectious, endocrine, and neurological disorders—exposures sensitive to climate change were associated with increased morbidity and mortality risks. However, the available evidence base was heavily skewed...