IoT-Based Fire Detection and Automatic Extinguishing System for EV Battery Safety

作者：Pramod Gavade · 发表于：International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.22214/ijraset.2025.74860

In recent years, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have emerged as a sustainable and efficient alternative to conventional fuelbased vehicles. However, one of the major safety concerns associated with EVs is the risk of fire caused by battery overheating, short circuits, or overcurrent conditions. This paper presents an IoT-based Fire Detection and Automatic Extinguishing System designed to enhance battery safety in electric vehicles. The proposed system continuously monitors critical parameters such as battery temperature, smoke concentration, and current flow using dedicated sensors. A Node MCU (ESP8266) microcontroller processes the collected data and transmits real-time information to an IoT platform for continuous remote monitoring. When abnormal conditions are detected, the system automatically activates a solenoid valve to spray fire-extinguishing fluid and triggers a circuit breaker to isolate the power supply, thereby preventing further damage. Simultaneously, the user receives an instant alert through the IoT dashboard or mobile application. The developed system provides an intelligent, cost-effective, and reliable solution for early fire detection and prevention in EVs. Experimental results validate the system’s efficiency in minimizing fire hazards and improving the overall safety and reliability of electric vehicle operations