The Effect of Central Sensitization on Long-Term Prognosis and Comorbidity Levels in Temporomandibular Disorders: A Prospective Longitudinal Study

作者：Lee SJ, Chun Y, Jo JH, Potewiratnanond P, Park JW · 发表于：Journal of oral rehabilitation · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1111/joor.70287

BACKGROUND: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) have the potential to progress to a chronic form associated with various comorbidities. Prolonged symptoms may lead to central sensitization (CS), resulting in decreased treatment response and highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies. OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated psychological conditions and comorbidities in TMD patients based on CS-related symptom levels measured by the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) and investigated the association between these levels and long-term treatment outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CS-related symptom levels were assessed using the CSI in 112 TMD patients (score ≥ 40 indicating significant levels of CS symptoms). Psychological, sleep, autonomic and pain-related comorbidities were evaluated by validated questionnaires. Participants received standardized conservative treatment, including behavioural, physical, stabilization splint and pharmacological therapies. After 6 months, patients were re-evaluated for clinical signs. Data were statistically compared between the high (n = 40) and low (n = 72) CSI groups and associations between clinical characteristics and CSI levels were analyzed. Longitudinal changes were analyzed using Generalized Estimating Equations. RESULTS: High CSI (35.7%) was associated with higher McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) scores, widespread pain and higher levels of anxiety, depression, somatization and autonomic symptoms (all padj < 0.05 after Bonferr...