Analytical investigation of benzoic acid as a preservative agent in local and imported poultry products in Iraq

作者：Albanna A, Al-Banaa I · 发表于：Open veterinary journal · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.5455/ovj.2026.v16.i3.7 · 被引用次数：30 · 研究领域：Benzoic Acid、Food Preservatives、Poultry Products、Animals、Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid、Iraq

BACKGROUND: Public health specialists continue to be concerned about the use of chemical preservatives in foodstuffs, particularly because of their bioaccumulative properties. AIM: This study aimed to detect benzoic acid residues in frozen poultry products in Iraq using high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector. METHODS: Twenty specimens were collected and analyzed, including 10 local and 10 imported poultry products. Chromatographic separation was performed on a C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using a mobile phase consisting of 30% acetonitrile in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/minute and detection at 235 nm. The benzoic acid standard solution (1,000 ppm ml⁻¹; CAS 65-85-0) gave a clear and sharp peak at 1.80 minutes, with an intensity of about 950-1,000 mAU. Calibration curves were constructed considering external calibration from 0.5 to 100-ppm ml-1 with R² .0.998 which obeyed outstanding linearity. The identification of benzoic acid in the test samples was confirmed as follows: the retention time of 1.79-1.82 minutes; spectral purity by Diode array detector (200-400 nm); peak ratio with criterion 5/20(25%). RESULTS: Among the analyzed samples, imported brands showed positive results in 4 out of 10 samples (40%), with concentrations ranging from 434 to 726 ppm ml⁻¹ (mean 595 ± 122 ppm ml⁻¹), whereas only 1 out of 10 locally produced brands (10%) tested positive at a concentration of 449 ppm ml⁻¹. No detectable peaks exceeding ...