Association between post-void residual urine volume trajectories and incident urinary tract infection in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis

作者：Yan WJ, Wang YN, Zheng Y, Xue JF · 发表于：BMC nephrology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1186/s12882-026-05157-9 · 研究领域：Renal Dialysis、Urinary Tract Infections、Urinary Retention、Kidney Failure, Chronic、Humans、Female、Incidence、Male、Retrospective Studies、Middle Aged、Aged、Risk Factors

BACKGROUND: Patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) have a markedly increased incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) because of impaired immune function, reduced urine output, and complications related to medical procedures. Post-void residual urine volume (PVR) is a key indicator of bladder emptying function. Elevated PVR is associated with urinary retention and bacterial colonization and is considered an indicator related to higher UTI risk. However, previous studies have mainly examined the cross-sectional association between a single PVR measurement and UTI risk. In patients receiving MHD, PVR often changes dynamically because of autonomic neuropathy, diabetic cystopathy, and fluctuations in volume status; therefore, a single assessment may not fully capture longitudinal changes. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) can identify distinct longitudinal patterns, but evidence regarding its use to characterize PVR trajectories in the MHD population and assess their association with UTI risk remains limited. METHODS: Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 302 patients who received regular MHD treatment at our hospital from January 2021 to December 2024. PVR was measured by ultrasonography every 3-6 months. GBTM was applied to repeated PVR measurements to identify trajectory classes. The optimal model was selected according to the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), average posterior probability (APP), odds of correct classification (OCC), and clin...