Chemical Characterization and Biological Potential of the Essential Oils from the Flowers of Two Cannabis sativa L. Cultivars from Komga, South Africa

作者：Odieka AE, Oriola AO, Miya GM, Kar P, Oyedeji OO, Gondwe MM, Hosu YS, Madliwa T, Oyedeji AO · 发表于：Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3390/molecules31111814 · 被引用次数：71 · 研究领域：Oils, Volatile、Cannabis、Flowers、South Africa、Antioxidants、Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry、Anti-Inflammatory Agents、Molecular Docking Simulation、Bicyclic Monoterpenes、Plant Oils

Cannabis sativa L. is a medicinal plant cultivated globally due to its remarkable historical and scientific relevance. Through the consumption of its flowers, also referred to as inflorescences, which contain a high content of cannabinoids, terpenes and polyphenols, the therapeutic properties of C. sativa can be harnessed. This study therefore aimed to determine the chemical profile, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oils (EOs) obtained from the fresh and dried flowers of two C. sativa cultivars, Lifter and Cherrywine, grown in Komga, South Africa, to assess which cultivar has greater biological potential. The chemical profiles of the hydro-distilled EOs were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), while the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the EOs was analyzed using the DPPH and EAD methods, respectively. The identified constituents from the EOs were molecularly docked against NOX2 and NIK (NF-κB-inducing kinase) protein, which are implicated in oxidative stress. The afforded EOs were yellow (pale and bright yellow) in color with a sweet to mildly sweet aroma description. A total of 51 constituents were identified in both fresh and dry oils from the Lifter cultivar, while the Cherrywine cultivar contained a total of 44 constituents. Eighteen compounds, were found to be the main chemical constituents consistent in the flower EOs of both cultivars, notably, caryophyllene (10.71-19.96%), levo-β-pinene (1.37-13....