Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes containing nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells

作者：Chen L, Mao Q, Zhang W, Cheng Y · 发表于：Organogenesis · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1080/15476278.2026.2630547 · 研究领域：ADSC-Exos、NPP-WSM、osteogenic differentiation

OBJECTIVE: To explore the synergistic effect of nano-pearl powder (NPP) and adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) on the osteogenic potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS: The water-soluble matrix of NPP (NPP-WSM) was extracted via freeze-drying, and ADSC-Exos were isolated by ultracentrifugation. NPP-WSM was incorporated into ADSC-Exos through co-incubation to generate NPP-WSM-Exos. MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with NPP-WSM or NPP-WSM-Exos. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using CCK-8 and wound-healing assays, respectively. Osteogenic differentiation was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. The expression of osteogenesis-related genes (COL1A1, RUNX2, OCN, and OPN) was measured by qPCR and Western blotting. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) was conducted to identify signaling pathways activated by NPP-WSM-Exos. RESULTS: NPP-WSM-Exos displayed distinct exosome morphology and biomarkers, confirming their successful preparation. Significantly, NPP-WSM-Exos enhanced the viability of MC3T3-E1 cells compared to NPP-WSM alone and upregulated the expression of osteogenic genes, including COL1A1, RUNX2, OCN, and OPN, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. Additionally, NPP-WSM-Exos strongly promoted mineralization, as evidenced by the increased calcification observed through Alizarin Red S staining, and elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, indicating excellent potential for osteogenic differentiati...