Comparison of efficacy and safety of first-line immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer, a retrospective study

作者：Dong X, Yao X, Li R, Li Y, Li Y · 发表于：Scientific reports · 年份：2025 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-025-23874-3 · 被引用次数：31 · 研究领域：Lung Neoplasms、Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols、Small Cell Lung Carcinoma、Immunotherapy、Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors、Humans、Retrospective Studies、Female、Male、Aged、Middle Aged、Neoplasm Staging

Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy, have become the standard first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Among these agents, serplulimab is a PD-1 inhibitor, while adebrelimab, durvalumab, and atezolizumab are PD-L1 inhibitors, all of which have been integrated into clinical practice based on emerging evidence. However, the comparative efficacy of these combined therapies remains unclear. This study aims to compare the efficacy of Serplulimab, Adebrelimab, Durvalumab, and Atezolizumab when combined with chemotherapy, providing real-world data on their clinical benefits in ES-SCLC. This retrospective study included 322 patients diagnosed with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) who received first-line treatment with platinum-based chemotherapy combined with a PD-1 or PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor between March 2019 and December 2023. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS)and progression-free survival (PFS). A total of 322 patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) were enrolled in this study. All patients received chemotherapy in combination with one of the following PD-L1 inhibitors: Adebrelimab (n = 71), Serplulimab (n = 80), Durvalumab (n = 93), or Atezolizumab (n = 78).The median PFS was 7.63 months (95% CI 6.57–8.77) for Atezolizumab, 6.9 months (95% CI 5.67–8.57) for Serplulimab, 7.43 months (95% CI 6.3–9.43) for Durvaluma...