Correlations between developmental trajectories of brain functional connectivity, neurocognitive functions, and clinical symptoms in patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

作者：Hong YN, Hwang H, Hong J, Han DH · 发表于：Journal of psychiatric research · 年份：2024 · DOI：10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.03.021 · 研究领域：Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity、Adult、Adolescent、Child、Humans、Young Adult、Brain、Brain Mapping、Magnetic Resonance Imaging、Memory, Short-Term、Neural Pathways

Several studies on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have suggested a developmental sequence of brain changes: subcortico-subcortical connectivity in children, evolving to subcortico-cortical in adolescence, and culminating in cortico-cortical connectivity in young adulthood. This study hypothesized that children with ADHD would exhibit decreased functional connectivity (FC) between the cortex and striatum compared to adults with ADHD, who may show increased FC in these regions. Seventy-six patients with ADHD (26 children, 26 adolescents, and 24 adults) and 74 healthy controls (25 children, 24 adolescents, and 25 adults) participated in the study. Resting state magnetic resonance images were acquired using a 3.0 T Philips Achieva scanner. The results indicated a gradual decrease in the number of subcategories representing intelligence quotient deficits in the ADHD group with age. In adulthood, the ADHD group exhibited lower working memory compared to the healthy control group. The number of regions showing decreased FC from the cortex to striatum between the ADHD and control groups reduced with age, while regions with increased FC from the default mode network and attention network in the ADHD group increased with age. In adolescents and adults, working memory was positively associated with brain activity in the postcentral gyrus and negatively correlated with ADHD clinical symptoms. In conclusion, the findings suggest that intelligence deficits in certain IQ su...