Frailty and 1‐Year Prognosis of Patients With Ischemic Stroke: A Multicenter Cohort Study

作者：Jiamin Xu, Xinyan Hu, Xinying Huang, Qianmei Jiang, Haochen Chi, Zhaoyang Zhao, Qinghong Xu, Detao Zeng, Zhikai Zhu, Xia Meng, Yilong Wang, Yilong Wang, Xiaoling Liao, Xingquan Zhao, Jinxi Lin, Zixiao Li, Yongjun Wang, Yongjun Wang, Jing Jing · 发表于：Journal of the American Heart Association · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1161/jaha.126.050186 · 研究领域：Frailty in Older Adults、Acute Ischemic Stroke Management、Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery

BACKGROUND: Frailty is a multidimensional geriatric syndrome characterized by reduced physiological reserve and is consistently associated with adverse outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. Frailty has also been linked to poor short-term prognosis in cerebrovascular disease. However, its association with long-term functional recovery and stroke recurrence remains insufficiently established in large prospective cohorts. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study using data from the Impairment of Cognition and Sleep Study of the China National Stroke Registry III. Frailty was assessed at baseline using a deficit accumulation frailty index and categorized as robust, pre-frail, or frail. Primary outcomes were 1-year excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-1), favorable functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale 0-2), and stroke recurrence. Secondary outcomes were corresponding outcomes at 3 and 6 months. Associations were evaluated using multivariable logistic and Cox regression models. RESULTS: for trend <0.001). Frail patients also had higher stroke recurrence risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.90; 95% CI, 1.33-2.71) and lower likelihood of favorable functional outcome. Similar dose-response relationships were observed at 3 and 6 months, with consistent findings in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. CONCLUSIONS: Frailty is common after acute ischemic stroke and shows a strong, graded association with 1-year functional recovery, supporting its potential value for long-term prognos...