Mining intensifies connectivity vulnerability in a function-state-structure ecological security network on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau

作者：Kun Long, Wei Wu, Y Li, Hong Cai, Weiquan Zhao, Xiaoshuang Nie, Dajian Long, Qianzhou Long · 发表于：Ecological Indicators · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1016/j.ecolind.2026.115250 · 研究领域：Land Use and Ecosystem Services、Ecosystem dynamics and resilience、Water Resources and Sustainability

Coordinating intensive mineral extraction with ecological sustainability in fragile mountain regions remains a critical challenge. On the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, where karst fragility, plateau lakes, and clustered mining activities intersect, apparent vegetation recovery may not coincide with ecosystem service recovery or network resilience. However, conventional ecological security pattern (ESP) workflows may insufficiently capture this mismatch because they often rely on static land-cover classes, greenness-dominated ecological indices, or single ecosystem service metrics. To address this gap, we developed a function–state–structure framework that integrates ecosystem service supply, terrestrial and aquatic ecological status, patch-level connectivity importance, and mining-modified resistance. A Comprehensive Ecological Index (CEI) was used to identify candidate source areas where ecosystem function and ecological condition coincided, while delta Probability of Connectivity (dPC) retained patches that were topologically indispensable to the regional network. A Mining Disturbance Index (MDI), derived from the current mining inventory, was embedded in the mining-sensitive resistance surface to diagnose extraction-related impedance to ecological flows. From 2001 to 2023, the mean CEI increased from 0.44 to 0.47, and the share of Good and Excellent ecological-quality classes remained close to 40% after 2013. This apparent improvement masked a growing structural vulnerability: e...