Research Progress on Mechanisms of Qi-Tonifying and Yin-Nourishing Method in Treating Gastric Precancerous Lesions

作者：小颖 刘 · 发表于：Traditional Chinese Medicine · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.12677/tcm.2026.157368 · 研究领域：Biological and pharmacological studies of plants、Traditional Chinese Medicine Analysis、Phytochemistry and biological activity of medicinal plants

归纳总结益气养阴法治疗PLGC作用机制的研究进展，并系统综述具有益气养阴功效的中药及其活性成分(如人参皂苷、黄芪甲苷、石斛多糖等)，以及体现该法的复方制剂(如益胃汤、麦门冬汤、健运清化方等)可通过调节炎症因子水平、抑制胃黏膜萎缩、延缓病理进程、介导肿瘤细胞增殖与凋亡、调控铁死亡和维持血管生成微环境的稳态等多种方式发挥作用，从而在一定程度上有效阻断甚至逆转其向胃癌的恶性转化。This review synthesizes the mechanistic basis of the Qi-tonifying and Yin-nourishing method for gastric precancerous lesions (PLGC) and systematically evaluates its representative agents. We detail how key bioactive compounds (e.g., ginsenosides, astragaloside IV, Dendrobium polysaccharides) and classical formulations (e.g., Yiwei Decoction, Maidong Decoction, Jianyun Qinghua Formula) exert their effects through multi-targeted actions. These include modulating inflammatory cytokines, inhibiting gastric mucosal atrophy, balancing cell proliferation and apoptosis, regulating ferroptosis, and stabilizing the angiogenic microenvironment. Collectively, evidence indicates that this therapeutic strategy can effectively retard disease progression and shows potential to block or even reverse the malignant transformation to gastric cancer.