Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients with cardiomyopathies in China: a nationwide retrospective analysis

作者：Xinglin Yang, Y H Jin, Ma Xy, Kai Sun, Ying Shi, 甘兰霞, Jingya Zhou, Cheng Pang, Yi Wang, Limeng Chen, Haibo Wang, Zhuang Tian, Shuyang Zhang · 发表于：BMC Public Health · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1186/s12889-026-28501-y · 研究领域：Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies、Viral Infections and Immunology Research、Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies

BACKGROUND: Cardiomyopathies are major causes of heart failure and sudden cardiac death, but nationwide epidemiological data from China remain limited. Following the inclusion of several cardiomyopathies in the first national rare disease list in 2018, contemporary trends in hospitalization and in-hospital outcomes have not been systematically evaluated. This study aimed to characterize national hospitalization patterns for cardiomyopathies from 2018 to 2022. METHODS: We conducted a nationwide retrospective study using the Hospital Quality Monitoring System (HQMS), which covers secondary and tertiary hospitals across 31 provinces. Cardiomyopathies were identified using National Clinical Version 2.0 codes. We assessed age- and sex-standardized hospitalization rates, regional variation, comorbidities, device use, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospital costs. Temporal trends were analyzed using Joinpoint regression to estimate the average annual percent change (AAPC). RESULTS: A total of 1,935,421 hospitalizations from 943,178 unique patients were included. The standardized hospitalization rate increased from 151.55 to 206.23 per 1,000,000 population (AAPC = 7.68%). Dilated cardiomyopathy was the most frequently recorded subtype. Men accounted for 67.99% of patients and were diagnosed at a younger age than women. Considerable provincial variation was observed. ICU admission increased from 2.49% to 6.97% (AAPC = 33.94%, p = 0.01),...