Helicobacter pylori , herpes simplex virus‐1, varicella‐zoster virus, and dementia risk

作者：Thomas J. Littlejohns, Wenyu Liu, Carol Brayne, Julia Butt, Jennifer A. Collister, Nita G. Forouhi, Effrossyni Gkrania‐Klotsas, Shabina Hayat, Katie Jeffery, Elżbieta Kuźma, Robert N. Luben, Alexander J. Mentzer, Julie Parsonnet, Nicholas Wareham, Tim Waterboer, David J. Hunter · 发表于：Alzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1002/dad2.70414 · 研究领域：Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments、Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies、Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research

Abstract Introduction Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ), herpes simplex‐1 (HSV‐1), and varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) could increase dementia risk; however, evidence from large cohorts with long‐term follow‐up is scarce. Methods Multivariable‐adjusted Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to investigate the association between H. pylori , HSV‐1, and VZV seropositivity and dementia risk over 24 years in 8550 participants from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer in Norfolk study in the United Kingdom. Results H. pylori (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09 to 1.41), but not HSV‐1 (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.18) or VZV (HR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.86 to 1.19), was associated with dementia risk. The H. pylori –dementia association remained robust among incident cases >15 years after blood draw (HR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.48). Seropositive tertiles of the H. pylori antibodies CagA ( p = 0.007) and GroEL ( p = 0.001) demonstrated significant trends with dementia risk. Discussion H. pylori may represent a novel dementia prevention target, although early‐life socioeconomic factors might confound the association.