The Gut-Bone Axis and Skeletal Health: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications of Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds

作者：Tianzhu Zhang, Y C Li, Jiahui Pei, Qingxia Zhang, Fengyun Lin, Shuzhen Li · 发表于：Biomolecules · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3390/biom16060912 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Seed and Plant Biochemistry、Botanical Research and Chemistry

The gut microbiota and its metabolites, as components of the gut–bone axis, play a pivotal role in regulating skeletal homeostasis through the bidirectional communication network. In this systematic review, evidence was collected from mainstream databases following standardized inclusion/exclusion criteria for screening, to comprehensively retrieve and screen eligible studies from multiple mainstream databases according to standardized inclusion and exclusion criteria, and systematically summarize current research progress on plant-derived bioactive compounds targeting the gut–bone axis for skeletal health regulation. This review systematically explores the underlying mechanisms of the gut–bone axis and critically evaluates the regulatory effects and therapeutic potential of plant-derived bioactive compounds. Particular attention is given to targeted interventions involving prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and plant-rich diets or functional foods. Among these interventions, synbiotics represent the most successful strategy and show the most prominent therapeutic possibilities in bone-related disorders. Different from single prebiotics (only nourish endogenous intestinal microbes), individual probiotics (easy to be degraded in gastrointestinal tract with poor colonization) and ordinary plant-rich diets (unfixed effective dosage and weak targeting property), synbiotics combine prebiotic carriers and viable probiotic strains to produce complementary advantages, which is the c...