High blood glucose and shoulder pain in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a secondary analysis of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)

作者：Yi Duan, Yan Zhou, Chong Wei, Fusheng Xiong, Zhi Liu, Haizhu Xu, Qiang Li, Qun Liu · 发表于：Scientific Reports · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1038/s41598-026-47880-1 · 研究领域：Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins、Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management、Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation

Using nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), in this study, we examined cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study associations between blood glucose status and shoulder pain in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. A total of 13,523 participants aged ≥ 45 years were included in the cross-sectional analysis and classified into high or normal blood glucose groups. A total of 8,440 participants without shoulder pain were recruited from the CHARLS at baseline in 2011 were followed up in 2015. The prevalence of shoulder pain was 13.0% in the overall population, with an increased prevalence of 18.0% among individuals with high blood glucose. High blood glucose was significantly associated with shoulder pain, with an odds ratio = 1.41 (95% CI 1.15-1.73). Over 4 years, 996 new cases of shoulder pain were identified, and high blood glucose increased risk with an odds ratio = 1.58 (95% CI 1.20-2.07). High blood glucose is a risk factor for shoulder pain, supporting the importance of blood sugar control to reduce shoulder pain among patients with high blood glucose in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.