Dietary Clusters and Mortality Risk in a Chinese Population: The Role of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension

作者：Chuhan Wei, Xikang Fan, Mengxia Li, Zidong Wang, Jiaxi Zhou, Jun Lv, C Q Yu, D J Y Sun, P Pei, Yan Lu, Yujie Hua, Hua Jiang, Jian Su, Jinyi Zhou, Ran Tao · 发表于：Nutrients · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3390/nu18111816 · 研究领域：Nutritional Studies and Diet、Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact、Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling

Background: Regional dietary variations in China are well-documented, but their mortality associations in local populations, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) or hypertension, remain unclear. This study aimed to identify dietary clusters in Suzhou and investigate their associations with mortality. Methods: This prospective analysis included 53,269 participants aged 30–79 years from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) Suzhou Wuzhong subcohort. The baseline diet was assessed via a food frequency questionnaire, and three dietary clusters were identified by K-means clustering of 10 food groups. Multivariable Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes-related, and cancer mortality, stratified by baseline health status, T2D, and hypertension. Results: During follow-up, 1263 deaths occurred among healthy adults, 351 in T2D, and 2410 in hypertension. The Traditional/Preserved-Heavy cluster was characterized by lower intake frequencies across most food groups and more frequent preserved vegetable intake; the Meat-Centric cluster by relatively moderate intake frequencies and higher meat and poultry intake; and the Plant-and-Dairy-Abundant cluster by relatively abundant overall dietary intake, more frequent intake of fresh fruit, dairy products, and soybean products, and less frequent preserved vegetable intake. With the Meat-Centric cluster (cluster 2) as the referenc...