Electroencephalography Microstate Instability and Clinical Outcomes in Individuals at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis

作者：Matthias Liebrand, Holly Hamilton, Brian J. Roach, Spero Nicholas, Peter M. Bachman, Aysenil Belger, Ricardo E. Carrión, Erica Duncan, Jason K. Johannesen, Gregory A. Light, Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Jean Addington, Carrie E. Bearden, Kristin S. Cadenhead, Diana O. Perkins, William S. Stone, Elaine F. Walker, Scott W. Woods, TD Cannon, Thomas Koenig, Daniel H. Mathalon · 发表于：JAMA Psychiatry · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.1084 · 研究领域：Functional Brain Connectivity Studies、Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies、EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces

Importance: Clinical criteria for identifying individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR) have been established, but their predictive accuracy remains insufficient for guiding treatment decisions. Identifying reliable biomarkers associated with mechanisms of illness and treatment in individuals at CHR is therefore a central research goal. Here, we consider resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) microstates as such a potential biomarker. Objective: To determine whether EEG microstate features are associated with future conversion to psychosis and other future clinical outcomes in individuals at CHR. Design, Setting, and Participants: Baseline EEG microstate data were collected from October 2009 through August 2014 as part of the 8-site case-control North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study-2 (NAPLS-2) during eyes-open resting-state conditions with continuous auditory white noise. Data were recorded from healthy control (HC) individuals and participants at CHR, including those at CHR with conversion to psychosis (CHR-C) and those with nonconversion (CHR-NC), followed up for 24 months. Individuals with CHR-NC were further divided into those with remission (CHR-R) or those with ongoing symptomatology (CHR-S) subgroups. A total of 241 individuals at CHR (52.4%) completed the full 24-month follow-up. Data were analyzed between January and November 2025. Main Outcomes and Measures: Resting-state EEG microstate features (coverage, duration, and occurrence) across 7 dist...