Semaglutide and Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes

作者：Cindy X. Cai, Brian Toy, Benjamin Martin, Ruochong FAN, Erik Westlund, Diep Tran, Akihiko Nishimura, Haeun Lee, Theodore Leng, Paul Nagy, Nestoras Mathioudakis, Linying Zhang, Michelle Hribar, Aiyin Chen, Karen Armbrust, Kerry Goetz, Sally Baxter, Michael V. Boland, Eric N. Brown, Edmund Tsui, Andrew J. Barkmeier, Sophia Wang, Nitish Mehta, Jacqueline C. Stocking, Ghazala O'Keefe, Cecilia S. Lee, Philip R.O. Payne, William J. O’Brien, Scott DuVall, Thamir Alshammari, Thomas Falconer, David A. Dorr, Izabelle Humes, David McCoy, Mohammed Adibuzzaman, Rumel Mahmood, Hannah Morgan‐Cooper, Priya Desai, Shikha Yashwant Kothari, Anthony Sena, Clair Blacketer, Anna Ostropolets, Azza Shoaibi, Gowtham Rao, George Hripcsak, Patrick Ryan, Marc A. Suchard · 发表于：Ophthalmology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1016/j.ophtha.2026.05.034 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Retinal Diseases and Treatments、Diabetes Treatment and Management、Health Literacy and Information Accessibility

PURPOSE: To investigate the potential association of semaglutide use and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (NVAMD). DESIGN: Retrospective study across 12 databases in the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics network from December 1, 2017, through December 31, 2024. PARTICIPANTS: Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) taking semaglutide, other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs; e.g., dulaglutide or exenatide), or non-GLP-1RAs (e.g., empagliflozin, sitagliptin, or glipizide). METHODS: The association between semaglutide use and NVAMD was assessed using 2 approaches: an active-comparator cohort design and a self-controlled case series analysis. The former used propensity score-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). The latter used conditional Poisson regression models to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs). A random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate network-wide HR and IRR estimates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Two definitions of NVAMD, one based on condition codes alone (NVAMD-C) and one based on condition codes and procedures (NVAMD-CP). RESULTS: A total of 227 971 new users of semaglutide were included in the study. The risk of NVAMD among semaglutide users was similar to that of users of dulaglutide (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.21-1.57; P = 0.28; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05-1.27; P = 0.10), empagliflozin (NVAMD-C: HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.54-1.79; P = 0.94; NVAMD-CP: HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.38-1.64; ...