High-data-quality, high-precision and millimeter-level of Satellite Laser Ranging at the repetition rate of 5 kHz Satellite Laser Ranging

作者：Mingliang Long, Hailong Zhang, Z W Wu, Zhulong Huang, Huarong Deng, Si Qin, Yutao Huang, Fangteng Zhou, Guoxin Zhang, Zhongping Zhang · 发表于：DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.19975/j.dqyxx.2025-033 · 研究领域：GNSS positioning and interference、Space Satellite Systems and Control、Satellite Image Processing and Photogrammetry

High-precision and high-stability measurement is an essential approach for situational awareness of space targets, such as high-precision orbit determination, attitude determination, etc. Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technology has been developed for more than 60 years, and its accuracy and stability have been continuously improving, the laser pulse width and the jitter of single-photon detectors in the SLR systems are important factors limiting the improvement of ranging accuracy. In this study, a high-stability industrial-grade 532 nm picosecond laser and a high-quantum efficiency MPD single-photon detector (SPAD) are used in the SLR system of the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. The pulse width of the laser is ~15 ps; the jitter of SPAD is less than 35 ps and the quantum efficiency is about 50%, a matched aspheric len is applied for the SPAD. The measurement accuracy of ground targets is improved from 6–8 mm to 2–3 mm, and the satellite measurement accuracy is enhanced from the optimal 6–10 mm to 2–4 mm, meeting the 24-hour measurement requirements of low-orbit, high-orbit, and geosynchronous orbit satellites. Specifically, the measurement accuracy of the beidou compassg8 satellite in the geosynchronous orbit (36000 km) reaches 1.9 mm, which shows significant improvements in system ranging accuracy and long-term operational stability. Continuous day-and-night routine SLR observations are carried out at a repetition rate of 5 kHz, and the data are sent to the Internation...