Inflammasomes meet organoids and artificial intelligence: unraveling the complexity of gynecological inflammation

作者：Lanyue Zhang, Jiangnan Zhao, Guanghui Cheng, Jiaxin Wu, Yunhao Liu, Guo Lei, Qin Wang · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2026.1753651 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Reproductive System and Pregnancy、Endometriosis Research and Treatment、Ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment

Gynecological diseases represent a persistent global health burden. According to a WHO report, the global incidence of gynecological diseases exceeds 65%. Furthermore, over 90% of women suffer from gynecological issues to varying degrees. They account for about 4.5% of the global disease burden. This share is higher than that of other major global health problems. For example, malaria accounts for about 1.04%. Tuberculosis accounts for about 1.9%. Ischemic heart disease accounts for about 2.2%. Mounting evidence suggests that inflammasomes act as master regulators linking chronic inflammation with the onset and progression of gynecological disorders including endometriosis, ovarian cancer, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Yet, traditional two-dimensional cultures and animal models fail to reproduce the intricate immune-endocrine microenvironment of the human reproductive system, impeding translational progress. This review provides an integrated perspective that unites inflammasome biology, organoid technology, and artificial intelligence (AI) into a new research paradigm for precision immunology. We comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms of inflammasome activation-particularly NLRP3, AIM2, and IFI16-and their dual roles in inflammatory injury and immune regulation across gynecological diseases. We further highlight advances in organoid-based models that reconstruct the three-dimensional architecture and immune context of reproductive tissues, offering a physiologic...