Data Release 1 of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

作者：M. Abdul Karim, A. G. Adame, David S. Aguado, J. Aguilar, S. P. Ahlen, Shadab Alam, G. Aldering, D. M. Alexander, Rahma. Alfarsy, Lori Allen, Carlos Allende Prieto, O. Alves, Abhijeet Anand, U. Andrade, Eric Armengaud, Santiago Avila, Alejandro Avilés, Humna Awan, S. Bailey, Antón Baleato Lizancos, O. Ballester, A. Bault, J. Bautista, R. Bean, Jayashree Behera, Segev BenZvi, Leandro Beraldo e Silva, J. R. Bermejo-Climent, Florian Beutler, D. Bianchi, Chris Blake, Robert Blum, A. Bolton, M. Bonici, S. Brieden, A. Brodzeller, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, E. Burtin, Amanda Byström, R. Canning, A. Carnero Rosell, Anthony Carr, P. Carrilho, L. Casas, F. J. Castander, R. Cereskaite, Jorge L. Cervantes–Cota, E. Chaussidon, J. Chaves-Montero, Shi-Fan Chen, X. Chen, Chiara Circosta, T. Claybaugh, Shaun Cole, Andrew P. Cooper, M.-C. Cousinou, Andrei Cuceu, T. M. Davis, Kyle Dawson, Roger de Belsunce, R. de la Cruz, Axel de la Macorra, Arnaud de Mattia, N. Deiosso, John Della Costa, Regina Demina, U Demirbozan, Joseph DeRose, Arjun Dey, Biprateep Dey, J. Ding, Z. Ding, P. Doel, Kelly A. Douglass, M. Dowicz, Haruki Ebina, J. Edelstein, D. J. Eisenstein, Willem Elbers, N Emas, S. Escoffier, Parker Fagrelius, Xiaohui Fan, K. Fanning, Ginevra Favole, Victoria A. Fawcett, E. Fernández-García, S. Ferraro, N. Findlay, Andreu Font-Ribera, J. E. Forero-Romero, D. Forero-Sánchez, C. S. Frenk, Boris Gaensicke, L. Galbany, J. García-Bellido, C. García-Quintero, Lehman H. Garrison, E. Gaztañaga, Héctor Gil-Marín, Anniek Joan Gloudemans, Oleg Y. Gnedin, S. Gontcho A Gontcho, D. Gonzalez, Alma X. González‐Morales, Violeta González-Pérez, C. Gordon, Or Graur, D. Green, D. Gruen, Rafaela Gsponer, Caroline Guandalin, G. Gutierrez, J. Guy, ChangHoon Hahn, J. Han, J. Han, S. He, H. K. Herrera-Alcantar, Sven Heydenreich, K. Honscheid, Jiamin Hou, Cullan Howlett, Dragan Huterer, Vid Iršič, M. Ishak, Alice Jacques, Linhua Jiang, J. Jimenez, Yipeng Jing, B. Joachimi, Shahab Joudaki, R. R. Joyce, Eric Jullo, Stéphanie Juneau, Naim Göksel Karaçaylı, Tanveer Karim, R. Kehoe, S. Kent, A. Khederlarian, D. Kirkby, Theodore Kisner, Francisco-Shu Kitaura, Namitha Kizhuprakkat, H. Kong, S. E. Koposov, Anthony Kremin, Alex Krolewski, O. Lahav, Y. Lai, C. Lamman, T.-W. Lan, Martin Landriau, D. Lang, J. Lange, J. Lasker, J.M. Le Goff, Laurent Le Guillou, Alexie Leauthaud, M. E. Levi, Songting Li, T. S. Li, W. Liu, K. Lodha, Martine Lokken, Y. Luo, Yufeng Luo, C. Magneville, Marc Manera, Christopher J. Manser, Daniel Margala, Paul Martini, M. Maus, J. McCullough, Patrick McDonald, G. E. Medina, L. Medina-Varela, Aaron Meisner, J. Mena-Fernández, A. Menegas, Jennifer Meneses Rizo, Mar Mezcua, R. Miquel, Paulo Montero-Camacho, J. Moon, John Moustakas, A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez, D. Mu noz- Santos, A. D. Myers, J. Myles, S. Nadathur, Joan Najita, L. Napolitano, Jeffrey A. Newman, Farnik Nikakhtar, Robert Nikutta, Gustavo Niz, H. E. Noriega, P. Nugent, Nikhil Padmanabhan, E. Paillas, N. Palanque‐Delabrouille, A. Palmese, Jiaming Pan, Zhiwei Pan, David Parkinson, J. A. Peacock, Marcos Pellejero-Ibáñez, Will J. Percival, A. Pérez-Fernández, Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols, P. Peterson, J. Piat, Matthew M. Pieri, Mathilde Pinon, C. Poppett, A. Porredon, Francisco Prada, Ragadeepika Pucha, Fengyue Qin, D. Rabinowitz, Anand Raichoor, C. Ramírez-Pérez, S. Ramirez-Solano, M. Rashkovetskyi, C. Ravoux, Bernardita Ried Guachalla, A. H. Riley, A. Rocher, Constance M. Rockosi, James Rohlf, A. Rosado-Marin, Ashley J. Ross, C. Ross, G. Rossi, Rossana Ruggeri, V. Ruhlmann-Kleider, Cristiano G. Sabiu, Khaled Said, Noah Sailer, A. Saintonge, Y. Salcedo Hernandez, Lado Samushia, E. Sanchez, Nicole M. Sanders, Nathan R. Sandford, Sindhu Satyavolu, Christoph Saulder, Andrew K. Saydjari, Edward F. Schlafly, D. Schlegel, D. Scholte, M. Schubnell, A. Semenaite, Hee‐Jong Seo, Arman Shafieloo, R. M. Sharples, J. Silber, Francesco Sinigaglia, M. Siudek, Zachary Slepian, A. G. Smith, Maayane T. Soumagnac, D. Sprayberry, John F. Suárez-Pérez, J. Swanson, Trung Tan, G. Tarlé, P. Taylor, G. Thomas, Rita Tojeiro, Ryan J Turner, W. Turner, L. Arturo Ureña–López, R. Vaisakh, Monica Valluri, Georgios Valogiannis, M. Vargas-Magaña, Licia Verde, P Vielzeuf, Michael Walther, Ben Wang, M. S. Wang, W. Wang, B. A. Weaver, N. Weaverdyck, Risa H. Wechsler, David H. Weinberg, Martin White, Abbé M Whitford, Molly Wolfson, Jinyi Yang, Christophe Yèche, Samantha Youles, Jiaxi Yu, Sihan Yuan, E.A. Zaborowski, Pauline Zarrouk, Hanyu Zhang, Cheng Zhao, Ruiyang Zhao, Zheng Zheng, Conghao Zhou, Rongpu Zhou, Y. Zhou, H. Zou, Siwei Zou, Ying Zu · 发表于：The Astronomical Journal · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3847/1538-3881/ae4c43 · 被引用次数：77 · 研究领域：Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena、Astronomy and Astrophysical Research、Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae

Abstract In 2021 May the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) collaboration began a 5 yr spectroscopic redshift survey to produce a detailed map of the evolving three-dimensional structure of the Universe between z = 0 and z ≈ 4. DESI’s principal scientific objectives are to place precise constraints on the equation of state of dark energy, the gravitationally driven growth of large-scale structure, and the sum of the neutrino masses, and to explore the observational signatures of primordial inflation. We present DESI DR1, which consists of all data acquired during the first 13 months of the DESI main survey, as well as a uniform reprocessing of the DESI Survey Validation data, which were previously made public in the DESI Early Data Release. The DR1 main survey includes high-confidence redshifts for 18.7M objects, of which 13.1M are spectroscopically classified as galaxies, 1.6M as quasars, and 4M as stars, making DR1 the largest sample of extragalactic redshifts ever assembled. We summarize the DR1 observations, the spectroscopic data-reduction pipeline and data products, large-scale structure catalogs, value-added catalogs, and describe how to access and interact with the data. In addition to fulfilling its core cosmological objectives with unprecedented precision, we expect DR1 to enable a wide range of transformational astrophysical studies and discoveries.