Surface Wave and Free-Space Wave Co-Modulated Metasurface Antenna With Cross Staggered Arrangement

作者：Wenyu Zhao, Xiuping Li, Zihang Qi, Jianxun Su, Z. N. Chen · 发表于：IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1109/tap.2026.3676186 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications、Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies、Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research

In this paper, a same-frequency surface wave and free-space wave co-modulated(SFC) metasurface antenna is proposed with staggered arrangement and the same aperture, featuring independent control. A thorough discussion is presented regarding the working principle of the two-dimensional same-frequency co-modulation of surface and free-space waves. A method based on reflected phase, rather than surface impedance, is proposed to modulate surface waves. The comparison is illustrated, exhibiting almost identical performance. A staggered arrangement method is utilized to construct the SFC metasurface antenna. The calculated and simulated radiated patterns show that the radiations from surface waves and free-space waves are essentially decoupled, featuring independent control. A static SFC metasurface using rectangular patches is fabricated and measured. The simulated results and measured results demonstrated good consistency. The measured maximum gains of surface wave and free-space wave are up to 19.5 dBi and 24.1 dBi, respectively. The isolation between the two ports is higher than 30 dB, promising the potential for full-duplex applications. The proposed SFC metasurface can be a candidate for mm-wave communications.