Analysis of 33,616 urinary stone cases: novel findings on renal transplantation impact, comorbidity profiles, and composition patterns

作者：Lian Peng, Xingyu Zhou, Jialin Liu, Jierong Chen, Jiale Zhang, Feiyang Tan, Bo Li, Ying Liang, Qianjun Li, Zhenglin Chang, Lin Yu, Ming Zhao · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2026.1757548 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Kidney Stones and Urolithiasis Treatments、Gallbladder and Bile Duct Disorders、Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments

Background: Urinary stone composition in renal transplant recipients remains poorly characterized, despite their distinct metabolic and urological profiles. Understanding stone composition patterns in this population is crucial for targeted management and recurrence prevention strategies. Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed 33,616 urinary stone samples from two hospitals in Southern China (April 2014-December 2024). We compared stone composition between 69 renal transplant recipients with nephrolithiasis and 33,547 non-transplant stone-forming controls using Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectrometry. Propensity score matching (1:2) was performed to balance baseline characteristics. Logistic regression with progressive adjustment and comprehensive subgroup analyses were conducted to assess associations between transplantation and stone composition. Results: After propensity score matching, transplant recipients with nephrolithiasis demonstrated markedly different stone composition patterns compared to controls. Before matching, carbonate apatite stones were substantially more prevalent among stone formers in the transplant group (37.7% vs. 16.4%, p<0.001), while calcium oxalate monohydrate stones were less common (39.1% vs. 63.7%). After matching with 139 controls, these differences persisted and intensified (carbonate apatite: 37.7% vs. 15.8%; calcium oxalate monohydrate: 39.1% vs. 66.9%, p=0.001). Renal transplantation with nephrolithiasis was associated w...