JK5G postbiotics modulate gut microbiota and metabolome to alleviate cancer-related pain: a randomized controlled trial with multi-omics integration

作者：Mengting Chen, Junhui Zhang, Hong Yang, Lei Lei, Liejun Yang, S. Wang, Huiqing Yu · 发表于：Frontiers in Immunology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.3389/fimmu.2026.1764491 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Tryptophan and brain disorders、Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response

Introduction Cancer-related pain remains a critical clinical challenge, with existing opioid-based therapies often yielding inadequate relief and significant side effects. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of JK5G postbiotics—a formulation of inactivated Lactobacillus strains and metabolites—in modulating the gut-microbiome-immune axis to alleviate pain in cancer patients. Methods This study employs a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial design involving 149 participants divided into two groups: a control group receiving patient-controlled subcutaneous analgesia (PCSA) plus placebo, and an experimental group receiving PCSA plus JK5G postbiotics. The primary outcomes were changes in gut microbiota composition assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and quality of life (QoL). The secondary outcomes included fecal metabolomics, adverse effects (AEs), blood inflammatory cytokines, and lymphocyte subsets. This study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2500108811). Results JK5G supplementation significantly improved pain scores, QoL, and cognitive and social functioning compared to controls. Microbiome analysis revealed enrichment of beneficial taxa such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium , alongside suppression of pathogenic Escherichia-Shigella . Machine learning identified five core microbial biomarkers ( Akkermansia muciniphila , Bifidobacterium , Escherichia-Shigella , Blautia , Streptococcus ), with SHAP analysis highlighting Akk...