A Self-Assembled Nanobody Against the Haemagglutinin of Influenza a Virus Shows Enhanced Stability and Efficacy In Vitro and In Vivo

作者：Qian Weng, Honggang Liu, Xue Yan, Cheng Xu, Qin Wang, Yifan Xu, Junwei Li · 发表于：Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.31083/fbl47298 · 研究领域：Influenza Virus Research Studies、Nanoplatforms for cancer theranostics、Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials

BACKGROUND: In recent years, drug-resistant influenza viruses have emerged frequently, making influenza a persistent and serious public health burden. Therefore, potential anti-influenza virus drugs are urgently needed. Nanobodies, variable domains of heavy-chain antibodies (VHHs), have the advantages of easy preparation, excellent solubility, deep tissue penetration, and weak immunogenicity; thus, they have broad application prospects in the fields of basic research and drug development. However, its short half-life and low stability limit its clinical therapeutic application. Fenobody is an engineered display platform with the ability to present multimerized nanobodies on the surface of ferritin to overcome these disadvantages and increase its potency. METHODS: In this study, we engineered a fenobody displaying multimerized VHH against haemagglutinin (HA) of influenza virus (A/California/07/2009(H1N1), pdm09) on the surface of ferritin by using the property of SpyTag to spontaneously bind to SpyCatcher, named ferritin-NP-VHH. RESULTS: . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the implementation of genetic engineering technology to construct multimerized anti-influenza virus nanoparticles provides new tools to control infection with influenza virus.