The association between steatotic liver disease and chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization study highlighting metabolic comorbidities

作者：Xiang Ji, Jinguo Jiang, Yunyun Liu, Liuxin Li, Liuxin Li, Honghao Yang, Zheng Ma, Chenying Wang, Tingjing Zhang, Yuhong Zhao, Yashu Liu, Yashu Liu, Yang Xia · 发表于：Nutrition and Diabetes · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1038/s41387-026-00412-2 · 被引用次数：2 · 研究领域：Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment、Genetic Associations and Epidemiology、Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Steatotic liver disease (SLD)-a term encompassing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major global health concerns. Metabolic factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, are integral to the definitions of MAFLD and MASLD and may confound their association with CKD. This study aimed to update a meta-analysis on the association between SLD and CKD risk and to conduct a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal roles of SLD and metabolic factors in CKD. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to November 5, 2024, for eligible studies. Random-effects models were used to pool odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Two-sample MR was performed using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method as the primary model, with additional methods applied for sensitivity analyses. A total of 34 studies involving 3,783,136 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated significant positive associations between MAFLD, NAFLD, and MASLD with CKD (MAFLD: OR 1.41 [1.07-1.84], RR 1.64 [1.39-1.94], HR 1.64 [1.39-1.94]; NAFLD: OR 1.19 [1.08-1.31], RR 1.66 [1.45-1.91], HR 1.43 [1.31-1.55]; MASLD: HR 1.34 [1.08-1.67]). These findings support a significant association between SLD (MAFLD, NAFLD, and MASLD) and an increa...