Genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, and expression profiling of pathogen recognition genes in Gastrodia elata

作者：Linshuang Tang, Shanshan Luo, Dachang Wang, Xinyun Liu, Xiaofeng Wang, Mingyan Tan, Bin He, Zhibo Zhao, Mingjin Huang · 发表于：BMC Plant Biology · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1186/s12870-026-08343-x · 研究领域：Biological and pharmacological studies of plants、Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Research、Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies

BACKGROUND: Gastrodia elata Bl., commonly known as Tianma, is a perennial non-photosynthetic plant of the Orchidaceae family. Its growth and development rely on the symbiosis with at least two specific fungi. However, during artificial cultivation, it is prone to pathogen infection, which limits its industrial development. Currently, there is a lack of systematic research on the genomic composition, evolutionary characteristics, and regulatory mechanisms of the disease-resistant genes in Tianma. METHOD: The study focused on the genome of G. elata with a dark red phenotype. Pathogen recognition genes (PRGs) were systematically identified by integrating plant resistance gene databases, sequence homology searches, and domain verification. Phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal distribution, gene structure, conserved motifs, and repetitive events were analyzed. Additionally, the evolutionary conservation was evaluated through inter-species synteny analysis. Furthermore, cis-acting elements (CAEs) within the 2,000 bp promoter region were predicted, and expression patterns at different developmental stages and in different genotypes were analyzed based on transcriptomic data. RESULT: A total of 67 PRGs in G. elata (GePRGs) were identified, belonging to multiple gene families and exhibiting significant structural and evolutionary diversity. Tandem and fragment repeats both contributed to the expansion of this gene family, with six tandem repeat events detected. A total of 54 GePRGs...