Diet-Microbiome Analysis in a Healthy Cohort Reveals Potential Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Metabolism

作者：Kenneth Trang, Dalia Gulick, Jennifer Carter Truell, Jiangze Tian, Rahul Bodkhe, Pranvera Hiseni, Kristin Gravdal, Tina Graceline Kirubakaran, Christina Casèn, Rani K. Singh, Thomas R. Ziegler, Raylene A. Reimer, Colleen Suzanne Kraft · 发表于：bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.64898/2026.02.17.706416 · 被引用次数：1 · 研究领域：Gut microbiota and health、Probiotics and Fermented Foods、Phytoestrogen effects and research

ABSTRACT Both preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the indisputable importance of intestinal bacterial community composition in pathogenesis of various disease states, from obesity to neurodegeneration. Diet remains one of the most important factors shaping human intestinal microbiota composition. In this study, we investigated diet-microbiome interactions in a healthy cohort of 88 participants from Atlanta and Calgary. We examine microbial composition (16S rRNA sequencing) with dietary records using Spearman Correlation tests with Benjamini-Hochberg multiple hypothesis correction to make community-level comparisons between dietary scores and microbial diversity index scores. Predictive models were used for molecular-level comparisons between microbial gene pathways and molecules. Among generalized dietary and microbial indices, we identified a negative association between dietary whole grain consumption and a microbial dysbiosis score. Comparisons between dietary food groups and bacterial family abundance reveal significant associations between dairy consumption and Lactobacillaceae abundance, dietary unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio and Clostridia Cluster Family XIII, salt intake and Lachnospiraceae , and consumption of ‘greens and beans’ and Veillonellaceae . Predictive models of microbial gene pathways and molecules reveal significant positive associations between several dietary fatty acids and microbial short-chain fatty acid fermentation pathways, an...