Diverse Properties of Electron Forbush Decreases Revealed by the Dark Matter Particle Explorer

作者：Francesco Alemanno, Q. An, P. Azzarello, F. C. T. Barbato, P. Bernardini, X. J. Bi, Henri Boutin, Irene Cagnoli, M. S. Cai, Elisabetta Casilli, J. Chang, D. Y. Chen, J. L. Chen, Z. X. Chen, Z. X. Chen, Paul Coppin, M. Y. Cui, T. S. Cui, I. De Mitri, Francesco Palma, A. Di Giovanni, T. K. Dong, Z. X. Dong, Giacinto Donvito, J. L. Duan, K. K. Duan, R. R. Fan, Y. Z. Fan, F. Fang, K. Fang, C. Q. Feng, L. Feng, S. Fogliacco, J. M. Frieden, P. Fusco, M. Gao, F. Gargano, Essna Ghose, Ke Gong, Y. Z. Gong, D. Y. Guo, J. H. Guo, S. X. Han, Y. M. Hu, G. S. Huang, X. Y. Huang, Y. Y. Huang, M. Ionica, L. Y. Jiang, W. Jiang, Y. Z. Jiang, J. Kong, Andrii Kotenko, Dimitrios Kyratzis, S. J. Lei, B. Li, W. L. Li, W. L. Li, X. Q. Li, X. Q. Li, Y. M. Liang, C. M. Liu, H. Liu, J. Liu, S. B. Liu, Y. Liu, F. Loparco, M. Ma, P. X. Ma, T. Ma, X. Y. Ma, G. Marsella, M. N. Mazziotta, D. Mo, Y. Nie, X. Y. Niu, A. Parenti, W. X. Peng, X. Y. Peng, C. Perrina, Enzo Putti-Garcia, Rui Qiao, J. N. Rao, Y. Rong, Arshia Ruina, R. Sarkar, Pierpaolo Savina, Z. Shangguan, W. H. Shen, Z. T. Shen, Z. T. Shen, Leandro Silveri, J. X. Song, M. Stolpovskiy, H. Su, Meng Su, H. R. Sun, Z. Y. Sun, A. Surdo, X. J. Teng, A. Tykhonov, G. F. Wang, J. Z. Wang, L. G. Wang, S. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. F. Wang, D. M. Wei, J. J. Wei, Y. F. Wei, D. Wu, J. Wu, S. S. Wu, Xue-Feng Wu, Z. Q. Xia, Z. Xiong, E. H. Xu, H. T. Xu, J. Xu, Z. Z. Xu, Z. Z. Xu, Z. Z. Xu, G. F. Xue, M. Y. Yan, H. B. Yang, P. Yang, Y. Q. Yang, H. J. Yao, Y. H. Yu, Q. Yuan, C. Yue, J. J. Zang, S. X. Zhang, W. Z. Zhang, Yan Zhang, Y. P. Zhang, Yi Zhang, Y. P. Zhang, Y. P. Zhang, Y. P. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, C. Zhao, H. Y. Zhao, X. F. Zhao, C. Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, Y. Zhu, Xi Luo · 发表于：Physical Review Letters · 年份：2026 · DOI：10.1103/6dyq-9v81 · 研究领域：Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena、Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae、Astronomy and Astrophysical Research

The Forbush decrease of cosmic rays is an important probe of the interplanetary environment disturbed by solar activities. In this Letter, we study the properties of eight Forbush decreases' electrons (including positrons) between 2 and 20 GeV from January 2016 to March 2024 with the Dark Matter Particle Explorer. The maximum decrease amplitudes of these events are about 30%-15%, and the amplitudes reduce with energy. The recovery time of these events shows diverse behaviors of their energy dependence. Some of them show strong energy dependence, while some have a nearly constant recovery time. It has been shown that such diverse behaviors could be related to the geometry of the regions of the interplanetary space disturbed by coronal mass ejections, which can be characterized by the combined effect of the coronal mass ejection velocity, angular spread, and ejection direction.